Imagine that you are a founding father, in charge of creating a new country. Your original form of government, the Articles of Confederation, is too weak. The government under the Articles of Confederation was helpless against Shays’ Rebellion in the state of Massachusetts. You have to create a new government that isn’t too powerful, but also isn’t too weak. What would you do?

By the end of the 1800s, there was a change in the nature of the immigrants coming to the united states. immigration from northern europe—england, ireland, germany, and scandinavia—declined, while immigration from italy, russia, and austria-hungary grew. in fact, between 1900 and 1910, more than three-fourths of all immigrants came from these three countries. unfortunately, these countries were far removed england, the home of our founders, and the immigrants who came from them had a hard time adjusting to life in their new country.