How was the issue of slavery determined in Kansas and Nebraska territories under the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854? Residents of both Kansas and Nebraska territories decided by popular referendum to be admitted as a slave states.
Residents of the territories decide by popular referendum if the state is to be a free or enslaved.
Residents of Nebraska decided by popular referendum to be admitted as a slave state and residents of Kansas decided by popular referendum to be admitted as a free state.
Residents of Kansas decided by popular referendum to be admitted as a slave state and residents of Nebraska decided by popular referendum to be admitted as a free state.

the term is einsatzgruppen

the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.

the award is named for an american naval historian and theorist, rear admiral alfred thayer mahan, united states navy who, through his writing, provided stimulus and guidance to those who share in the defense of the nation.