How did literacy test laws affect politics in the south after civil war ? a. they allowed states to avoid enforcing the fifteenth amendment
b. they helped radical republicans dominate stave government
c. they led state government to increase funding for education
d. they prevented many former slaves from voting

I would say they allowed states to avoid enforcing the fifteenth amendment

Explanation:

The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Although ratified on February 3, 1870, the promise of the 15th Amendment would not be fully realized for almost a century. Through the use of poll taxes, literacy tests and other means, Southern states were able to effectively disenfranchise African Americans. It would take the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 before the majority of African Americans in the South were registered to vote.

answer: ensure protection from communism

explanation:

the north atlantic treaty was largely dormant until the korean war initiated the establishment of nato to implement it, by means of an integrated military structure: this included the formation of supreme headquarters allied powers europe in 1951, which adopted the western union's military structures and plans.

very positive impact on our industries in the west, sine they promoted settlement and increased the ways in which goods could be transported to market.