Encounters with the new world had a dramatic impact on Europe by:

Depending on new crops and change in trade stucture.

Explanation:

The Columbian Exchange introduced new agricultural products, included tomatoes, pumpkin, potatoes, chillies, cocoa, maize, peanuts, and beans in Europe. The arrival of many crops and plants in Europe had nutrition with calories and flavour, which led to an increase in life expectancy. The increase in trade and goods led to the formation of an economic shift from feudalism to capitalism. The merchants class began to flourish through trade. People in Europe became dependent on colonial goods including sugar, tobacco, and many others.

equal area projections

equal-area projection. a projection in which regions on the earth's surface that are of equal area are represented as equal.

the spanish  

hope this meaning spain btw