The Judiciary Act of 1789 a gave the president power to appoint judges. b was declared unconstitutional in the McCulloch v. Maryland case. c allowed John Marshall to become the chief justice. d gave the Supreme Court the power to hear special cases.

a social contract.

"a social contract is an agreement between citizens and their leader where the citizens give up certain freedoms in exchange for protection. the constitution of the united states is an example of a social contract."

answer; i believe the correct answer is benjamin harrison;