Inventions and designs are protected by .

a patent

Explanation:

A document that means the idea cannot be copied and royalties must be paid to creaters to use (I think that's what you wanted)

b) race riots in several cities

the option which was not a function of missionaries in the northwest was the first one - they established posts for trading furs and other goods.

missionaries were sent around the world to spread religion and their knowledge and others - they were not merchants who sold furs and other goods.