1. What type of document is this?
crusades

the document is from the other side of the conflict,the perspective of the muslim target of the first crusade.ali ibn tahir al sulami whos was one of the ulama islamic religious scholars

Explanation:

the effect of the ming leaders banning ships with more than two masts was that there was no further construction of ships masts, because there was a surplus. ming emperors disallowed foreign exploration

question 10: the answer is c, to their constituents address a problem.

question 11: i think it would be domestic bills, which deal with american issues only and public bills, which affect the whole nation.