Why were European merchants eager to stop using the Silk Road and to find a water route to the East?

European merchants were eager to stop using the Silk Road and find a maritime route to the East because this route had been taken by the Ottoman Turks in 1453, when the fall of Constantinople and the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire occurred.

From that moment on, Muslims began to exercise tight control over the Middle East and its trade routes, charging sumptuous fees to those who wished to transit them, thus limiting the trade of European Christian nations. For this reason, given the practical impossibility of trading with China and India, European nations began to explore alternative maritime routes to reach these nations, giving rise to the Age of Discovery.

the language dates from the contacts of arabian traders with the inhabitants of the east coast of africa over many centuries. under arab influence, swahili originated as a lingua franca used by several closely related bantu-speaking tribal groups.