Under the estate system which social class was taxed the lost

Define the term brutalization effect and describe in your own words why you think this occurs and how it conflicts with the ideas of deterrence theory.

What were copernicus’s ideas about the order of the universe deemed to be dangerous to church thinking? (5 points) a.the church was invested in the idea that the earth was at the center of the universe b.copernicus was developing a new religion that would challenge the church c.the church feared his ideas threatened their control of european universities d.copernicus was a follower of luther and therefore could not be trusted

"the plan of removing the aboriginal people who yet remain within the settled portions of the united states . . approaches its consummation. . an extensive region . . has been assigned for their permanent residence. it has been divided into districts and allotted among them. many have already removed and others are preparing to go. . " removal of southern indians to indian territory, 1835 this passage is most closely related to a) imperialism. b) the civil war. c) westward expansion. d) the french indian war.