Bureaucracy: System of managing government through departments run by appointed officials. civil service: The group of people whose job it is to carry out the work of the government.
scholar-official: A scholar-official was an educated civil servant appointed by the emperor to run day-to-day governance of China during the Song dynasty through the Qing dynasty.

What was unification difficult to accomplish in both germany and italy? a.) weaker states we’re attacked by stronger states for control of the emerging nations. b.) major european powers fought to keep independent states under their control. c.) germans and italians did not share common histories and languages.

John locke viewed the social contract as a choice or "consent of the governed", where the people possess the power to change government. how did thomas hobbes see the social contract? man is born in chains, but can be set free through good deeds. man is born happy, but becomes more miserable as he ages. man is born poor, but can rely on other individuals for security. man is born selfish, but can give up some freedom in return for security provided by the government.

The supreme court settle conflicts between the various levels of government true or false ?