“Trans-Saharan trade networks had a minimal effect on the formation of new states in West Africa between 1200 and 1450 CE. By 1200, and before large-scale trade occurred across the Sahara, many states had already formed in the region. In addition, complex societies caused an increased need for trade and led to the development of trade networks in West Africa.” b. “The trans-Saharan trade networks influenced the ways new states formed in West Africa. The trade networks began as early as 400 CE. As trade networks expanded across the Sahara, traders shared important goods such as salt, gold, and copper. The trade networks involved well-known cities in West Africa, such as Timbuktu.”

Read the above prompt, thesis, and excerpt carefully. First, explain the requirements for providing evidence. Second, evaluate how well the excerpt uses evidence to support the thesis.

“there he took part in the conquest of cuba. the spanish government gave him land and slaves in return for his service… eventually, he settled down on a plantation. but he was restless, and still far from wealthy. in fact, he was in debt. what money he had, he squandered on gambling, expensive clothes, and nights out on the town. then his luck turned. spanish sailors landed on the yucatan peninsula of mexico and sent back word of an extraordinary find… rumors of a land filled with gold… cortes leaped at the chance for gold and glory… velazquez, the spanish governor, grew troubled and sent orders forbidding [cortes] to sail. but cortes was not about to lose this opportunity. under the cover of darkness, he raised anchor and slipped from port.” how did cortes lose what money he had before he set sail for mexico? a he put all his money into a business that declared bankruptcy. b he spent it on fancy clothes, gambling, and having fun. c he gave it away to charity. d it was stolen from him.