To ask whether an expedition against the Turks can be defended and commentated by me on biblical grounds even supposing the war is undertaken for prius reasons of rather than for the gain I confess I cannot promise that you will ask but rather the opposit it is foolish to wage war in foreign lands wallin at home we are losing spiritual battles now a Roman Curia is more tyrannical than any Turk There is no hope for successful war or vict'ry as far as I can see God fights against us 1st we must conquer him with tears pure prayers and holy pure face Martin Luther, letter to the Chaplain of an elector of the German states, 1518

Read the message below from the russian tsar to his cousin, the german kaiser.“an ignoble [not noble] war has been declared to a weak country. the indignation [outrage] in russia shared fully by me is enormous. i foresee that very soon i shall be overwhelmed by the pressure forced upon me and be forced to take extreme measures which will lead to war. to try and avoid such a calamity as a european war i beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to stop your allies from going too far.”- telegram from tsar nicholas ii to german kaiser wilhelm ii, 1914which of the following best describes the tsar’s message? he worries that the coming war will be blamed on russia.he believes that warfare is immoral.he complains about the pressures he is facing from britain for war.he fears russia will be forced into war by forces outside his control