What were some positive and negative effects of rapid industrial
growth?

Effects in the 18th/19th Century

   Industrialization refers to the development of machine production of goods and new energy resources. Industrialization had many positive and negative effects on the citizens of Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Positive Effects

   Industrialization had many positive effects on society in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The creation of power machines and factories provided many new job opportunities. The new machinery increased production speed of good and gave people the ability to transport raw materials. Industrialization also lead to urbanization. Urbanization is the movement of people into cities and city building. Citizens wanted to live closer to the factories that they worked at. The Western World went from rural and agricultural to urban industrial.

Industrialization in Europe and the United States were marked by moderate inflation and rapid development of technology, manufacturing and trade.

Industrialization in Europe is known for rapid development of manufacturing and trade.

Steam Engine:

   The newly invented steam engine provided cheap movement of goods through waterways. Canals were built so resources could be transported with ease.

This picture shows one of James Watt's running steam engines which  powered steam boats and railroad trains.

The Railroad System:

The inventions of railroads dramatically revolutionized life in Britain. The railroads gave manufacturers a cheap way to transport their products.  Fresh food could also be delivered to distant towns. The railways also gave people opportunities to travel. Traveling meant that people met people from other cities which resulted in long distance relationships and marriages. Time standards, newspapers and mail systems were also invented.

TLocomotion No.1 replica on the Stockton and Darlington line

The Railways helped Europe modernize in many significant ways.

Road Transportation:

   John McAdam, a Scottish engineer improved roads a lot. He created a new layout for roads so they are safer and more effective. The road beds consisted of large stones which helped with drainage. On the top were finely crushed rocks.  

The new design of roads let wagons travel in the rain without sinking into muddy grounds.

 Overall, industrialization helped life in Europe a lot. It raised the standards of living since new materials and products were available for public use.

Negative Effects

   Despite its many positive effects, industrialization had a negative impact on Europe too. Urban areas doubled, tripled, or quadrupled in size which led to over crowding in cities. Sometimes a large population is a good thing, but in this case the population was too big and caused many health problems. Living conditions were dirty and unhealthy. Cities were unsanitary and diseases filled the streets. There were no sanitation codes in cities. Many citizens got very sick.

Explanation:

Positive: opened up more jobs, made the US wealthy, and created many new products at low cost.

Negative: These new innovations being built took a toll of the environment.

in 'popular history' of europe in america it's common to blame the rise of the nazis (and of coursewwii, too) mainly on the treaty of versailles. despite the harshness of the treaty and despite the inflation of 1919-23 germany did benefit from the economic buoyancy of the roaring twenties. in the general election in 1928, the nazis only managed to get 12 (out of about 584) seats in the reichstag. the nazis were widely seen as a laughing-stock led by a funny little man given to yelling and wild gesticulation. of all european countries, none was hit harder than germany by the stockmarket crash of october 1929. germany had borrowed very large sums from american banks, with much of the money repayable either on demand or at short notice. these loans were of course recalled, and bankruptcies in germany rose sharply from the start of 1930 (or earlier). unemployment rose sharply, too. the german constitution of 1919 contained much that was utopian, including the right to paid employment. the realities of the situation made a mockery of the weimar constitution. one of german's great weaknesses at the time was the lack of a broadly based, popular right-wing party comparable to, say, the republicans in the us or the conservatives in britain. the obvious candidate, the german nationalists (the dnvp), had lost its grip and was hopelessly out oftouch with many of its supporters especially in rural areas. germany became increasingly hard to govern.

from about the middle of 1930 onwards the new chancellor, br�ning, had to govern by decree. in the absence of mainstream right-wing party, the nazis - who ruthlessly exploited genuine grievances - suddenly became the largest single party in the reichstag. with the growing effects of the great depression, unemployment reached about 27% (or more) in 1932. acting on bad advice (from the dnvp) hindenburg dismissed brüning in july 1932. in the general election that followed, the nazis won 37% of the seats. the other party that did well was the communist party (kpd) with 14%. fresh elections were held in november 1932: the nazi vote fell slightly, but the communist vote rose to 17%. in the streets of berlin and other major cities violence between left and right and their paramilitary wings grew. by late 1932, the effects of the great depression in germany had passed their peak, but this wasn't obvious at the time. the steady rise in communist vote triggered panic among most of the mainstream parties. after trying various solutions to the political crisis, hindenburg again took very bad advice - again from the dnvp. on the basis of this advice, he appointed hitler reichs chancellor on 30 january 1933 who promised to form a coalition with the german nationalists (dnvp). he did so, but at the same time almost immediately unleashed the sa (stormtroopers) who started a reign of terror within two months germany became a dictatorship, complete with concentration camps. joncey

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