Which group made up the majority of the roman population and became citizen-soldiers during time of war

The Plebeians

Explanation:

The Roman population was conformed by two classes, the Patricians and the Plebeians, The Patricians class was the early Roman empire ruling class and it was conformed by a small percentage of the Roman population, the other remaining percentage of the population was the Plebeians whom around 494 BC began a fight against the rule of the Patricians in a protest strike called the "Conflict of Orders."

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