Maintaining early colonial industries in the Americas, as well as roads, buildings, and other infrastructure, would not have been possible A the opportunity for indigenous populations to grow rich B the labor provided by Africans who had been enslaved C the willingness of European laborers to work long hours for little to no pay D the commitment of Europeans to treating indigenous populations with respect without which factor?

Option: B the labor provided by Africans who had been enslaved.

Explanation:

The early development in the early colonial industries in America would not have been possible without the help of enslaving people bought from Africa. After the arrival of European in America, settlers main concern was to establish a settlement for starting a new life with its resources available in the New World. Labour was required to clear the forests, tend the farms, and work in the developing seafaring industry. Slaves helped settlers in assisting businesses, plantation, small industries, domestic work, etc.        

b: the establishment clause  

b: socialism  

it was the first amendment