11th and 12th amendments explained

11th Amendment- The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

This amendment established the legal doctrine of "sovereign immunity", which protects government entities or officers acting in their official capacity from being sued over the performance of their duties. It was adopted in 1795 in response to a 1793 U.S. Supreme Court case, Chisholm v. Georgia.

12th Amendment- This lengthy amendment, adopted in 1804, revised the procedures for using the Electoral College to elect the President and Vice-President. Its impact has mainly been political - it affects the required qualifications of presidential and vice-presidential candidates.

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