How is india distinct from the rest of asia?
a. it is a landmass.
b. it is a peninsula.
c. it is a subcontinent.
d. it is an outcropping.

India is not the only landmass in Asia. That doesn't even make sense. Although India has outcrops, it doesn't fully consists of it. And it also isn't the only peninsula, since we have the Malay and the Qatar peninsula.

c.It is a subcontinent.  

This is the only correct one. Asia has no other subcontinent and "The Indian subcontinent is a term mainly used for the geographic region surrounded by the Indian Ocean"

C. It is a subcontinent

which empire had the greatest influence on the history and cultural development of russia?

"germany's geographic location was an advantage when it was on the offensive in the war because it was situated next to an extremely wide river, the rhine, which was difficult for the allies to cross."