What practice was not in place in italy, which allowed city-states to develop there before the rest of europe?
a. religion
b. feudalism
c. trade
d. agriculture

The correct aswer is B.

Between the 12th and 13th centuries, Italy was vastly different from feudal Europe. It was not a unified state, but a mixture of cultural and political elements.

The separation from their feudal overlords happened in the late 12th century and 13th century, during the Investiture Controversy between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor. After Italian towns exited from feudalism, their society was based on merchants and commerce.

the answer would be logic.

biological/genetic factors means they were born or predisposed to have something. nothing can really change it, and you can't really do much to "fix" it. it isn't something learned

these are the biological factors:

adrian is relatively tall and he is on the basketball team

(adrian can't ever stop being tall or force himself to be tall. likely one or both of his parents are tall as well and they passed on the tall gene. he probably does basketball because he is tall)

the rest are environmental/cultural factors. these are things that are taught to us. for example, cynthia wasn't born saving pocket money, her family most likely taught her this (environmental factor)

hope this !