Plz help 20 points! 1. How did the rise of the Italian city-states help lead to the renaissance?
2. How did new technology pave the way for European voyages of exploration?
3. What were the three most powerful empires in West Africa between the 400s and the 1500s?

it was the "4. potsdam" conference that demanded the unconditional surrender of japan, since it was clear that the japanese would continue to find until the very last man otherwise.

the crusaders are identified in the painting;

c. by the red crosses on their backs

because it took place after the war of 1812 had come to an end.