Italy's city-states were:

Milan, Florence, Pisa, Siena, Genoa, Ferrara, Mantua, Verona, and Venice.

lee and grant, both of whom held the highest rank in their respective armies, had known each other slightly during the mexican-american war (1846-48) and began their dialogue by exchanging awkward personal inquiries. characteristically, grant had arrived in his mud-splattered field uniform while lee had turned out in full dress attire, complete with sash and sword.

explanation:

the right answer is d