Which of the following terms describes all of the nonliving components of an ecosystem

the first historical instance of china engaging in internationalism was during the han dynasty.[1] at the start of the han dynasty, the huns in the north were attacking the frontiers of han and trying to obtain riches. emperor wu of han wanted to gain an alliance with a country called dayuezhi so the two countries could join together and fight against the huns.[2] to obtain this alliance, emperor wu sent zhang qian to the west to establish economic and cultural connections.[2] history records that during the han dynasty there were four primary avenues of contact between china and europe. they included the northern land route, the central land route, the southern sea route, and the far southern sea route.[1] the most famous of these routes is the central land route, or the classical silk road, comprising a network of roads stretching from northwest china to the ports of syria and the black sea, which passed through the oasis of the turkestans and northern persia.[1] the silk road was significant for chinese emperors because it provided dominance over central asia by developing resources and provided new markets for the export of china's most valuable resources.[1]

it would be  

germany had to pay all damages related to the war.

and i think

germany had to take sole responsibility for the war.

the answer is c sharecroppers were trapped in a cycle of poverty and debt.

explanation:

one of the major disadvantages of sharecropping system is that the sharecroppers or the planters are stucked in an unhealthy cycle of debts. this happens because planters will be allowed to loan merchandise from the land-owner and will soon be paid by the farmer in his share in the farm come harvest time. hope this !

by kd

immigrants from northern and western europe continued coming as they had for three centuries, but in decreasing numbers