In a response of approximately 50 words, describe the differences between the oath of office administered during the first Congress and the Iron Clad Oath adopted during the Civil War.

The Constitution requires all government office-holders to take an oath to support that document, but it ... No one felt anything more was needed—until the Civil War. In 1862, Congress adopted the "Ironclad Test Oath." Civil servants and military officers had to swear loyalty to the Union and affirm no previous disloyalty.

c, they united with once