What is the region in the Middle East that today includes locations of religious significance to Jews, Christians and Muslims, and back the in the late 1800’s many European nations had an interest in?

I know that its a lot

Explanation:

First used by the British military command during World War 11, the term Middle East is generally used to describe the region in south western Asia and northeastern Africa.  Although the term is relatively new, the Middle East itself has been home to some of the world's oldest civilizations.  Their ideas and institutions have spread all over the world, earning the Middle East the name "Cradle of Civilization".

Although this distinction suggests a certain degree of uniformity, the Middle East has been host to a myriad of peoples, ideas, and institutions.  Governments arose as early as 3000 BC in the first states of Egypt and Summer.  Despite significant defenses, invaders would dethrone these institutions and create their own, marking a trend which would characterize the Middle East until the modem day.  Over time, the Middle East and its peoples have been dominated and influenced by many rules, including the Persian, Roman, Byzantine, Islam, and Ottoman empires.  In addition to direct foreign control, the Middle East has constantly been subject to outside pressures and influences.