Those involved in nineteenth-century reform movements: a) avoided relying on government because they knew that they could not legislate attitudes and morality. b) used moral suasion to try to persuade others to join their cause. c) understood that success depended upon remaining involved in larger society and other issues. d) almost always concentrated exclusively on one crusade at a time. e) refused to integrate their meetings, insisting that whites and African-Americans had to remain separate.

b) used moral suasion to try to persuade others to join their cause.

Explanation:

Moral Suasion is the act of trying to convince others to join a movement by first embracing our view of matters. This approach was adopted by most reform movements in the nineteenth-century. One of such movements was the Temperance and Prohibition reform movement which sought to see an end to the sell and use of alcoholic products. The campaigners tried convincing the people to see reasons why they should accept their views.

They extended the conviction to the government during the 1840's in what was known as Legal Suasion where they fought for the use of government's coercive powers to bring an end to the surge in alcohol use.

Another such nineteenth century movement was The Knights of Father Matthew which was instituted to see to abstinence from alcohol. Father Matthew engaged in extensive preaching throughout the United States to convince people to accept the course.

the american revolution was by the middle and upper class, and the french was by the lower and middle class.

254.34

step-by-step explanation:

the formula for area of a circle is given by

a = pi * r^2

a = pi * 9^2

a = 81*pi

using 3.14 as an approximation for pi

a = 3.14*81

a = 254.34