1.What are some of the different ways in which governments are formed?
2.Are government and politics necessities? Why or why not?

1. Governments are formed when there is a group of people that need to be organized. So, as a settlement grows, it needs more services that cannot be provided by them and a government starts to form in order to provide these services.

2. a government is necessary, because All other ideas such as freedom, rights, laws, order, and any other matter concerning how the government is run is all aimed to conceive its main objective which is the well-being of society. Laws are made to keep order. Rights are made to conserve freedom.

independent innovation during the abbasid caliphate