Why is a B, C, and D wrong

How did ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle contribute to the formation of modern democratic governments?

B. by encouraging the participation of all citizens in governance

C. by prescribing civil training and tests for all officials

D. by promoting the election of enlightened philosophers

number 4. should be the correct answer

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]