What does Carson mean when she writes that the poisoning is “irreversible”?

Which russian tsar transformed thr royal residence in st. petersburg, the hermitage, into a center of culture, painting, and the performing arts

2points which excerpt from thomas paine's common sense best represents an attempt to appeal to ethos to persuade the reader? a. the infant state of the colonies, as it is called, so far from being against, is an argument in favor of independence. b. to talk of friendship with those in whom our reason forbids us to have faith is madness and folly. o c. oye that love mankind! ye that dare oppose, not only the tyranny, but the tyrant, stand forth! o d. i am not induced by motives of pride, party, or resentment to espouse the doctrine of separation and independence..

1. how did manifest destiny spur nation building in the u.s.? 2. how did the idea of “the nation” begin to change? 3. how were the unifications of germany and italy similar? 4. what problems did the austro-hungarian empire have? 5. what domestic issues did england and france have?