Dr Kings letter meaning paragraph 9 and 10

monopolies  came to the united states with the colonial administration. the large-scale public works needed to make the new world hospitable to old world immigrants required large companies to carry them out. these companies were granted exclusive contracts for these works by the colonial administrators. even after the american revolution, many of these colonial holdovers still functioned due to the contracts and land

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after the success of the sputnik launch in 1957, the us feared that they would not be able to send satellites to space.

their earlier attempts of building and sending a spacecraft failed miserably, and the soviets successfully did it. it gave rise to the era of cold war.