"The principal reason why we abhor so much the term slavery is, the base cruelty with which
some tyrant slaveholders ... have treated their slaves. Hence we are very apt to use as
synonymous terms, slavery, cruelty, tyranny, and oppression Does any one really believe
that a man cannot treat his slaves kindly, tenderly, and affectionately? If any one thinks it
possible, then let not, for the future, the terms slavery and cruelty be inseparably united."
-William Willcocks Sleigh, Abolitionism Exposed!, 1832
Which of the following developments from the mid-nineteenth century emerged from ideas most similar
to those expressed in the excerpt?