Adam Smith is known for his defense of

Adam Smith: The Father of Economics. Smith is also known for creating the concept of gross domestic product (GDP) and for his theory of compensating wage differentials. 2  According to this theory, dangerous or undesirable jobs tend to pay higher wages as a way of attracting workers to these positions.

Explanation:

nothing certain is known about what happened, but it seems that the country declined gradually, perhaps due to bad government, or, more likely, due to a series of bad harvests, which resulted in widespread and recurrent famine.