How did the agrarian Ottoman and Russian Empires, both with large landholding ruling classes, respond to the western European industrial challenge during the 1800s?

Not well as they remained the only countries in Europe where feudal system still existed.

Explanation:

the fifth and fourteenth amendments to the united states constitution each contain a due process clause. due process deals with the administration of justice and thus the due process clause acts as a safeguard from arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the government outside the sanction of law.

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