This process involved a teacher asking students questions and them guiding the students to an answer using the student's own ability to reason.

The correct answer is Socratic Method

Socrates' philosophy, responsible for giving rise to the Socratic method, had as principle the construction of knowledge instead of the mere transmission of ideas. In his time, knowledge was characterized as a type of commerce, where teachers (known as sophists) charged for ready-made content and speeches that students were forced to memorize.

Contrary to this practice, Socrates was convinced that it was the dialogues that favored a true exchange of knowledge, because through them the disciples would be able to reflect on their own statements and conclusions. Using Irony and Maieutic - fundamental principles in all Socratic thought - he encouraged his interlocutors to expose and defend their opinions and then strip them of any illusion of knowing and extracting true knowledge.

Contrary to the current meaning of the term, in the original sense of the Greek word Irony represents a question in the form of a refutation; on the other hand, Maieutic consists of an analysis of successive responses to search for the truth, stimulating thinking from what is not known. Thus, the dialogue begins with the definition of an objective and the request for commitment in defining the object of the discussion. An objection based on examples is made on the definition presented and a new definition is requested, which will be refuted again through another example and so on, in a sequence where definitions, objections, refutation and conclusion will be presented, leading the interlocutor to extract from himself the best answer.

Through the elaboration of his method, Socrates left as legacy to humanity his concern in making people more critical and responsible for his own knowledge. In this way, autonomy, built from self-reflection, is also a subject present in his works.

the answers are 1 and 4

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