1) a supreme court has jurisdiction on a case when the case has been
a) appealed directly from the trial court decision because of a constitutional question
b) heard by a court of appeal and there is a legitimate constitutional question
c) refused to be heard in either a criminal or civil court of appeals
d) dismissed by local law enforcement against citizen wishes
2) "when a long train of abuses and usurpations…evinces a design to reduce them [the colonists] under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security."—declaration of independence
under what principle of government do the people have the duty described in this quote?
a) natural rights
b) social contract
c) popular sovereignty
d) limited government
3) which of the following is true about responsibility in the u. s. court system?
a) state courts handle most criminal and civil trials, whereas federal courts address constitutional law and appeals from state courts of last resort.
b) state courts handle constitutional law, but only the federal courts can make new laws based on their interpretations.
c) state courts handle appeals from the federal district courts, and federal district courts handle appeals from state courts as a check on the power of the courts.
d) state courts handle local trial courts and most cases though the federal court has authority to select certain cases to hear.

the french revolution main idea was to give power to the people. the revolution was influenced by the enlightenment ideas, reasoning and skepticism pushed people to revolt against standards and norms in french society.

the problem was that the revolution caused political turmoil, and napoleon saw this as an opportunity and launched a coup d’état in november 1799. he became the first consul of france and later named french emperor.

some people see napoleon as a hero of the revolution and others see him as a traitor.

people see him as a traitor because he noticed the political turmoil and used this moment to rise to power. others see him as a hero of the revolution because he had some political and military achievements - in which he was committed to promoting the achievements of the french revolution - he had extensive public constructions, made a civil reform.

in a bigger picture, napoleon had some huge achievements in france which made him very important, but the fact that he seized power to himself makes him an undeniable traitor to the revolution since the main idea of it was to remove people from power and give power to the people.

the section of the chart that represents a point at which a bill needs approval from a majority of people in both chambers to advance is j, as this is the only section before the bill becomes law which has both rows (symbolizing the chambers) converging into one, meaning that the two parts of the congress have to approve of it before it can march on with the process.