Which of the following was an effect of the industrialization of cities in the early 1800s?
[a] planned housing for workers, [b] decreased poverty rates,[c] the formation of labor unions,[d] weaker social class divisions

The correct answer is C. The formation of labor unions

Explanation:

The industrialization refers to the process that implied a change from the agrarian society based on agriculture to an industrial one that is based on the manufacture of products and trade. This process began in the 18th century and continued during the 19th century with the Industrial Revolution that meant the development of technology for industry and other necessary sources to abandon the agrarian society and create a new society based on industry. Due to this, during the 18th and 19th century thousands of farmers left the countryside and move to the city to work in the new emerging factories, however, the conditions in the first factories were not the best due to the number of working hours, low payments, no guarantees, and difficult conditions, due to this, workers started creating labor unions to improve working conditions and achieve goals together, which had not happened before industrialization. Thus, one of the effects of industrialization was the formation of labor unions.

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the reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in america focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison's purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the humane treatment of animals, the humane and just treatment of native americans, the establishment of public institutions for the care of the destitute, orphans, blind, and mentally ill, the establishment of public schools, the abolition of tobacco use, vegetarianism, health reform, homeopathic medicine, woman's rights (including, at first, especially the establishment of a woman's right to own property apart from her husband and her right to sue for divorce), and the amelioration of labor conditions (including higher pay, the right to form unions, the right to strike, and the demand for limits on the number of work hours, and safe working conditions).

explanation: