During the second industrial revolution, railroad expansion increased settlement in
the east
the north
the south
the west

The answer is West. Hope that helps:-)

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.