Imagine you are a member of the british parlement at the time when the declaration of independence was written you have been tasked to reply to the declaration which will be delivered to the colonies

To General Washington, King Geoge III does not recognize the independence of the 13 Colonies as they are vassal states of the British Empire. Detract your absurd traitorous claim and surrender your provincial forces and the crown may show you clemency after due compensation has been levied. If you do not, the full force of the Empire shall bear it's unbridled power against the colonial army and further taxes will implemented to reimburse loses.

Explanation:

The British didnt recognize the indepdence of the 13 Colonies until 1783 when they lost a series of battles despite the Declaration of Independence being written in 1776. So could just say something like this

answer; (a) he was a u.s senator for 38 years;

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.