Answer one of the following questions:

1) how was athens, the greek polisor city-state, distinct from other political systems in the ancient world such as the persian and roman empires or the spartan polis?

2) what was the economic and cultural significance of xian for china from roughly 1,000 bce to 907 ce?

1) The ancient city-state of Athens is the craddle of democracy. "Demokratia"  was a system of self-governance where all free men older than 18 years of age  - women and slaves were excluded - could join the Assembly or "ekklesia," an organ for deliberation and voting. It was instituted in the year 507 BCE by the nobleman Cleisthenes, who had overtrown the last tyrant of Athens.

2) The old name of Xian is Changan. It was the capital of ancient China during several dynasties . It was then a major political center, one of the main cities of Asia and the world. Its magnificent imperial architecture was a model to develop other cities in Korea and Japan. Xian was also  the end point of the Silk Road, what made it a key commercial center  of China.

Explanation:

Xian, used to be Changan, is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation and eastern civilization. Xian has a history of over 6000 years and had been the capital of countries for 1200 years. There have been 13 dynasties set Xian as their capitals. Since the Western Han Dynasty, Xi'an has become the key city of economic and cultural exchanges and friendly relationships between China and other countries. It was the starting point of the Silk Road since Western Han Dynasty. "Changan culture" represents the backbone of Chinese culture. Xian was once China's political, economic and cultural center and one of the earliest cities opening to the outside world. One of "Eight Wonders of the World"- Terracotta Warriors shows the city’s profound history and culture. With historical and cultural heritage, Xi'an enjoys reputation as the "Natural History Museum". The variety of cultural relics, the large amount, the value, are ranks No. 1 in the world.

john smith was the first englishman to sail around the world. francis bacon served as attorney general and lord chancellor of england. he took up aristotelian ideas, arguing for an empirical, inductive approach, known as the scientific method, which is the foundation of modern scientific inquiry.