It is also a most important consideration in the present case, which ought not to be lost sight of, that, supposing these african negroes not to be slaves, but kidnapped, and free negroes, the treaty with spain cannot be obligatory upon them; and the united states are bound to respect their rights as much as those of spanish subjects. the conflict of rights between the parties under such circumstances, becomes positive and inevitable, and must be decided upon the eternal principles of justice and international law. if the contest were about any goods on board of this ship, to which american citizens asserted a title, which was denied by the spanish claimants, there could be no doubt of the right of such american citizens to litigate their claims before any competent american tribunal, notwithstanding the treaty with spain. a fortiori, the doctrine must apply where human life and human liberty are in issue; and constitute the very essence of the controversy. the treaty with spain never could have in- tended to take away the equal rights of all foreigners, who should contest their claims before any of our courts, to equal justice; or to deprive such foreigners of the protection given them by other treaties, or by the general law of nations.

which of the following claims are being denied in the explanation above

click all that apply

a. the equal rights of free people

b. the international treaty

c. u. s obligations regarding spanish property laws

d. the 2 americans (navy officers) salvage claim

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