Machiavelli advises those in power that "fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails." what point is he trying to make? do you think modern democratic leaders follow machiavelli's advice? if you do, describe one. if not, explain why such a philosophy cannot work in a true democracy.

“the battle of stalingrad is not a turning point necessarily in strategic terms, because a lot more has to be done before the soviets can be certain of defeating germany,” says renowned world war ii historian richard overy. the germans had fought nearly a thousand miles across the soviet union to get to stalingrad.

he believed that strong monarchies would lead to social and political stability.