New york's bad manners are often condemned and often very deservedly. even though the cause is carelessness rather than intentional indifference, the indifference is no less actual and the rudeness inexcusable. what is the closest meaning of the underlined phrase as it used in the excerpt? a) carefully scrutinized
b) justifiably criticized
c) undeniably improper
d) thoroughly convincing

Justifiably criticized

Explanation:

The passage is an excerpt from Etiquette, by Emily Post.

The phrase "often condmned and often very deservedly" can best be explained as justifiably criticized in the excerpt.

The other options, "carefully scrutinzed", "undeniably improper", and "thoroughly convincing" are either completely off the conveyed meaning of the underlined phrase or are not as close in meaning to it as the correct option B.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts