What is the present-day country in which the events mentioned in the text took place?

a. mongkut’s friends in the 1840s included many leading princes and nobles who similarly were excited by the west.
b. convinced of the necessity of accommodation with the west,
c. they took the lead in managing the succession of mongkut to the throne when king rama iii died in 1851.

The present-day country  is Thailand

Explanation:

Mongkut was the 43rd child of King Rama II. He was also known as Phrachomklao, posthumous name Rama IV, (born Oct. 18, 1804, Bangkok, Thailand, died Oct. 15, 1868, Bangkok), king of Siam (1851–68) who opened his country to Western influence and initiated reforms and modern development.

Mongkut was barely 20, when his father died in 1824. However the royal accession council instead chose his older who they considered has more experienced than him to reign as King Phranangklao (Rama III). To stay away from politics, Mongkut chose to become a Buddhist monk. A few years later he encountered a particularly pious monk who inspired Mongkut to turn to the strict discipline and teachings of early Buddhism. He became an accomplished scholar and abbot of a Bangkok monastery, which he made a centre of intellectual discourse that gradually came to involve American and French Christian missionaries and the study of Western languages and science. The reformed Buddhism that Mongkut developed gradually grew into the Thammayut order, which to the present day is at the intellectual centre of Thai Buddhism. Mongkut’s friends in the 1840s included many leading princes and nobles who similarly were excited by the West. Convinced of the necessity of accommodation with the West, they took the lead in managing the succession of Mongkut to the throne when King Rama III died in 1851.

although the crusades failed to capture jerusalem, they had several major impacts on western europe. they increased the authority of the king: sometimes nobles died in battle without leaving an heir in which case the king got their land. kings passed taxes to pay for the crusades.