13. babur was a:
a. mongol
b. safavid
c. turk
d. mughal

14. which of the following statements best describes akbar's rule in india?
a. he developed an efficient bureaucracy
b. he employed only muslim officials
c. he demanded religious conformity
d. he instituted the jizya, a tax on non-muslim adult males

15. the class of slave recruits in ottoman turkey who rose to secure permanent military
and administrative positions was the:
a. janissaries
b. kanuni
c. jihad
d. diwan

16. the islamic idea of "holy war" is called:
a. diwan
b. mosque
c. jihad
d. kanuni

17. by the treaty of karlowitz in 1699, the ottomans:
a. gained vienna
b. gained the north african coast
c. lost vienna
d. lost hungary and transylvania