How did african americans fare during the gradual building of the new south?

Which of the following resulted from the passage of the dawes act in 1887?

In italy, the distance between milan in the north and palermo,sicily, in the south is about 550 miles. in the united states, the distance betweenboston, massachusetts, and savannah, georgia, is about 900 miles. do you think the american revolutionaries of 1776 in the 13 colonies faced some of the same challenges as the patriots who struggled for italian unity in the 1860s?  

How did the treaty of versailles cripple germany after world war one ?