An aristocratic revolution in france beginning in 1648 during the minority of louis xiv, which was initiated by the tax policies of the minority government under cardinal mazarin, was the:

The answer is: The Fronde

Explanation:

Cardinal Jules Mazarin was an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician who served as chief minister of the king of France from 1642 until his death in 1661. He worked as co-regent of France alongside the queen during Anne's reign and until his death effectively directed French politics alongside the monarch, Louis XIV. As the Crown had to recover from its spending in recent wars, tax increases contributed to the growing social unrest. The attempt to curb existing freedoms has resulted in a series of civil wars known as the Fronde.

b. ensure mutual protection from communism.

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