Brings in a lot of money for many middle eastem countries, but is also harmful to their environments

Oil

Explanation:

Ever since oil was discovered and used in the world most of it came from the Middle East. Many wars were fought over who controls that area of the world and are still being fought today. The economy of countries in the Middle East rests on oil for the most part and during World War 1 control over the Balkans meant that there was a direct land connection between the Central Powers and the Middle East.

capitalism is an economic system that works around the concept of wealth creation in the pursuit of economic growth for the nation while mercantilism focuses on wealth accumulation through extraction of wealth which they believe is measured by the amwount of gold bollions that the nation has in its possession.