Witch statement represents the diffrance between horizontal and vertical relationship

it would be  

germany had to pay all damages related to the war.

and i think

germany had to take sole responsibility for the war.

herodotus taught this. herodotus was an ancient greek historian who was born in halicarnassus in the persian empire. he is known for having written the book the histories, a detailed record of his "inquiry" on the origins of the greco-persian wars.