When did the industrial revolution begin in western europe? -15th -16th -17th -18th

England 18th century, Western Europe 19th century

Explanation: industrial revolution must be associated with economic liberalism which existed already in 18th-century England (James Watt, Adam Smith and others) whereas in western Europe industrial revolution started later in the 19th century. Term "western Europe" does not include Iberian peninsula and south Italy here.

a social contract.

"a social contract is an agreement between citizens and their leader where the citizens give up certain freedoms in exchange for protection. the constitution of the united states is an example of a social contract."