When kentucky and virginia passed legislation that declared the alien & sedition acts unlawful, they began the idea of which is when states can pass their own laws and not have to enforce federal laws

After Jefferson and Madison stated the laws as invalid, they brought in the idea known as nullification which is the act of states passing their own laws and not having to enforce federal laws.

“the battle of stalingrad is not a turning point necessarily in strategic terms, because a lot more has to be done before the soviets can be certain of defeating germany,” says renowned world war ii historian richard overy. the germans had fought nearly a thousand miles across the soviet union to get to stalingrad.

35 is your answer because i looked it up