How were appointments to the civil service awarded?

"if i have seen farther than others," said newton, "it is because i have stood on the shoulders of giants." who were the giants to whom newton was referring? could this be said of any scientific accomplishment? explain.

Review president franklin delano roosevelt’s “four freedoms” speech and president barack obama’s “welcoming remarks” speech. is the “freedom from fear” a concern for both men and women equally? compare and contrast both speeches to answer this question. use the “wedding cake” compare contrast organization.

1)which is the following was characteristic of the british colonies but not the french or spanish religion a. presence of slavery b. religion conversion c. smuggling and piracy d. strict racial hierarchy 2)how did the columbia exchange affect europe? a diseases from the new world decimated the population of the european continent b new crops introduced to europe generated further interest in the new world c enslavement of american indians in europe changed cultural attitudes toward slavery d the items produced by american indians become objects of competition in europe