What did it mean when the dutch "kowtowed" to the chinese emperor or his representatives?
it meant that the dutch relinquished all their rights in the forbidden city.
it meant that the dutch recognized the superiority of the chinese emperor.
it meant that dutch missionaries could no longer visit china.
it meant that the dutch had full trading rights equal to those of china.

Respond to the scenario regarding spanish colonial life in latin america.you are a creole living in venezuela. your family is wealthy and you are well educated. through your education, you have learned about enlightenment ideas regarding life, liberty, and property. although you are not in a position of power, you enjoy a comfortable life. when a revolution spreads in your country, you are faced with a decision to become a supporter of venezuelan independence, or support spain, and your current way of life. what do you do? write 5 paragraphs